It’s billed as the world’s simplest camera at a mere 20 pixels resolution, with no lens (it uses the doped silicon), no moving parts and costs less than a penny to make. This Planar Fourier Capture Array camera is the brainchild of Cornell University scientists. At only one-hundredth of a millimeter deep and a half a millimeter on each side, several of them could fit on the head of a pin. By making use of the wave-like properties of light, the camera does not need a lens and all the image construction is performed in post processing by a computer.
Practical uses? Read the article at: fastcodesign.